Cardioprotective Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

• SYED MAHMOOD-UL-HASSAN

  Author

• MUHAMMAD IMRAN

  Author

Objectives: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a prevalent and growing global health concern, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and associated with numerous long-term complications, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). The main objective of the study is to find the cardioprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetic patients.

Method: This prospective observational study was conducted at Services hospital Lahore during 1^st Jan 2023 to 30^th june 2023. Data involved 235 participants diagnosed with T2D and at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Complete medical histories were taken, and the basic assessment where the status of the patients was assessed through physical examination. Blood tests were carried out and various parameters such as random blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile and renal examinations were done.

Results: A total of 235 participants were randomized into the SGLT2 inhibitor group (117 patients) and the placebo group (118 patients). Both groups were well-matched at baseline with no significant differences in age, sex, duration of diabetes, HbA1c levels, blood pressure, or cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. The average age of participants was 62 years, with 55% male and 45% female distribution. This corresponds to a relative risk reduction of 49.6% in the SGLT2 inhibitor group (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: It is concluded that SGLT2 inhibitors provide significant cardioprotective benefits for patients with Type 2 Diabetes, notably reducing the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events, hospitalizations for heart failure, and all-cause mortality.

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