Serum Potassium and Magnesium Imbalance as Predictors of Adverse Outcomes in New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation

• ABDUL MAJID

  Head of Cardiology & CCU Departmennt, Shiekh Zayed Hospital & Medical College, Rahim Yar khan

  Author

Background: Electrolyte imbalances, particularly in potassium and magnesium, are prevalent in patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) and may influence in-hospital outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate the association between serum potassium and magnesium imbalances and in-hospital morbidity and mortality in patients with new-onset AF.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 220 patients admitted with new-onset AF. Serum potassium and magnesium levels were measured upon admission. Clinical outcomes, including in-hospital morbidity and mortality, were recorded. Statistical analyses were performed to assess associations.

Results: Of the 220 patients, 45% had hypokalemia (<3.5 mEq/L), and 38% had hypomagnesemia (<1.8 mg/dL). Hypokalemia was associated with increased incidence of arrhythmias (p<0.01) and prolonged hospital stay (p<0.05). Hypomagnesemia correlated with higher mortality rates (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis confirmed that both hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia were independent predictors of adverse in-hospital outcomes.

Conclusion: Serum potassium and magnesium imbalances are significant predictors of in-hospital morbidity and mortality in patients with new-onset AF. Monitoring and correction of these electrolytes may improve patient outcomes.

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